1) How does Immunotherapy work ?
Immunotherapy works by stimulating, or boosting, the natural defenses of your immune system, so it works harder or smarter to find and attack cancer cells.
Cancer cells are very smart. They have learned to evolve and escape your body’s natural defense mechanism against anything that is foreign (eg. Viruses, bacteria, abnormal cells). Many cancers “inactivate” our body’s T-cells by a complex mechanism that ultimately makes them evade our immune system.
This is where Immunotherapy comes in. It blocks this negative signal and allows our immune system to destroy cancer cells.
2) So, does Immunotherapy work for all cancers ?
Unfortunately, the answer is NO. Immunotherapy has shown great promise for certain types of cancers such as
Lung cancers
Kidney cancer
Melanoma (a type of skin cancer)
Certain types of blood cancers (eg: Hodgkin’s lymphoma)
Immunotherapy has also shown that it can benefit certain patients with advanced oral cancers, stomach cancers etc.
There is a lot of research ongoing in other types of cancers to see if immunotherapy can help in improving the outcomes. But for now, the standard treatment for most patients is the 3 fundamental pillars of oncology: surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
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